Exploratory study into the information sources used by breastfeeding women following dairy-free diets when considering calcium supplement use, and the factors they take into account during the decision-making process. A cross-sectional survey
By Karen Austin - Nutrition Science and Practice
Abstract
Background
Within the UK, dairy products are considered an important source of calcium. Consequently, eliminating these foods may cause concern, especially when breastfeeding. Calcium supplements (CS) are contraindicated with some medications, and their safety is debated. It is therefore important that information sources about CS are reliable and personal health factors considered before CS use.
Aims
This exploratory study aims to:
- Identify the information sources used by dairy-free breastfeeding women (DFBW) considering the use of CS.
- Consider the factors that may have influenced DFBW’s decisions about whether or not to take.
Methodology
A sample of 35 DFBW completed a cross-sectional online survey promoted through two social media groups (SMGs). The survey was validated using a small pilot test. Responses were analysed using cross-tabulation and charts, and significant associations identified where appropriate (p
Findings
The sample of 35 responses provided an approximate 16.5% margin of error at 95% confidence interval (the target sample size had been between 98 and 392 responses). From these responses, it was determined that the most prevalent reason for respondents considering the use of CS was advice from medical and nutrition professionals (MNPs) at 65.7% (n=23). The most popular information sources were SMGs 51.4% (n=18)and MNPs 60% (n=21). Analysis revealed correlations between obtaining information from SMGs and MNPs (p=0.043), and from health websites and MNPs (p=0.039). The main factor DFBW considered was alternative dairy sources (88.6%, n=31).
Conclusion
This small-scale study showed that DFBW considering the use of CS mainly seek information from MNPs and SMGs. The factor most commonly considered in their decision was sources of calcium in their diet. While the safety of CS continues to be debated by scientists, it would be prudent for individuals and health professionals to prioritise dietary calcium sources and consider total intake so as to avoid excess. Factors such as existing medications and health history should also be considered. Education and information sources may benefit from review to ensure their accuracy and effectiveness. Continued research into the topic areas identified by this study would be advantageous, not only for DFBW but also the general UK population.
