Do Total Visual Analysis Scores using the novel AFEMTA Measurement Tool significantly correlate with Total Scores on the Anxiety Sub-Scale of the DASS-21 Questionnaire during a course of acupuncture? A pilot study
By Nicholas Van Bergen Garner - Online MSc - Advanced Oriental Medicine
Abstract
Background
The prevalence of anxiety is increasing, and recognition of signs and effective treatment remain a challenge. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) acupuncture has the potential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life and increased visual identification of anxiety help practitioners prevent symptoms from worsening.
Aims and Objectives
The aim of this research is to pilot the novel Anxious Facial Expression Measurement Tool for Acupuncturists (AFEMTA) by recording visible changes of facial expressions and correlating to the anxiety subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) before, during and after acupuncture intervention. To achieve this aim, six participants receive eight acupuncture treatments and the DASS-21 questionnaire is filled out at the three points of measure. Facial photographs taken at equal times, are evaluated for signs of anxiety by four independent practitioners using the AFEMTA model.
Methods
The subscale anxiety scores of the DASS-21 are measured for mean values, total score changes and significance value, along with AFEMTA ratings of mean difference and significance value. Anxiety scores are compared to determine the level of correlation between practitioners’ evaluations and the psychometric measure. Internal correlation of practitioners scores reveals the extent of internal agreement and determines the degree of inter-rater reliability. Measures of AFEMTA are also calculated for internal consistency and reliability.
Findings
The DASS-21 and AFEMTA scores show lower levels of anxiety post-treatment, and the comparison of total scores produces a non-significant correlation value at the three points of measure. Practitioners present equality in ratings and thereby a significant degree of inter-rater reliability. The calculated values show that AFEMTA measures the facial characteristics of anxiety consistently.
